在山东滕州，有这样的一个习俗：吃鱼时不吃鱼头。这背后藏着一个温馨的故事：这是因为“鲁”字的上半部分是“鱼”，不吃鱼头就是不吃“鲁头”，以此表达对“百工圣祖”鲁班的敬仰。

　　In Tengzhou, Shandong, there is such acustom: when eating fish, people do not eat the fish head. A warm story was behind this: since the upper part of the character “Lu“ is “fish,“ not eating the fish head means not eating the “head of Lu,“ expressing admiration for “Sage of All Crafts“, Lu Ban.

　　鲁班，春秋时期鲁国人（故里山东滕州），本姓公输，名般，因古代“般”通“班”，故称其为鲁班。

　　Lu Ban, a native of the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn period (his hometown is Tengzhou, Shandong), had the surname Gongshu and the given name Ban. Since “Ban“ was interchangeable with “Ban“ in ancient times, he is known as Lu Ban.

　　齿草化锯：悲悯之心驱动发明

　　The Inspiration of the Saw from a Grass Blade: Driven by a Heart of Compassion

　　出身于世代工匠的家庭，鲁班从小就跟随家里人参加过许多土木建筑工程劳动，他常常注重观察和实践，并对广大劳动人民予以同情，许多发明都为人们的劳作提供了便利。相传有一次他进深山砍树木时，一不小心，脚下一滑，手被一种野草的叶子划破了。他摘下叶片轻轻一摸，原来叶子两边长着锋利的齿。鲁班就从这件事上得到了启发：要是有这样齿状的工具，就能很快地锯断树木！于是，经过多次试验，他终于发明了锋利的锯子，大大提高了工效。

　　Born into a family of craftsmen, Lu Ban grew up participating in many civil engineering and construction labors with his family. He always paid attention to observation and practice and sympathized with the working people. Many of his inventions facilitated their work. It is said that once when he went deep into the mountains to cut trees, he slipped and his hand was cut by the leaf of a wild grass. He picked the leaf and gently touched it, finding that the leaf had serrated edges. Lu Ban was inspired: if there was a tool with such serrated edges, it could quickly saw through trees! After many experiments, he finally invented the sharp saw, greatly improving work efficiency.

　　石磨巧思：为劳动人民减轻辛劳

　　The Ingenious Stone Mill: Alleviating the Toil of Laborers

　　据古籍《世本》记载，石磨也是鲁班发明的。一次，鲁班看到一个老太太在一点一点地用木棍磨谷物。鲁班用两块比较坚硬的圆石，各凿出密布的浅槽，合在一起，用人力或畜力使它转动，就把谷物磨成粉了。据说，刨子、曲尺、钻、凿子、墨斗等都是他发明的。这些实用工具把人们从原始、繁重的体力劳动中解放出来。

　　According to the ancient book “The Origin of the World“, the stone mill was also invented by Lu Ban. Once, Lu Ban saw an old lady grinding grains with a wooden stick bit by bit. Lu Ban used two relatively hard round stones, each with a dense array of shallow grooves, combined them, and used human or animal power to make it rotate, thus grinding the grains into flour. It is said that the plane, curved ruler, drill, chisel, and ink line were all invented by him. These practical tools liberated people from primitive and heavy physical labor.

　　云梯与钩：对军工发明的价值进行反思

　　Ladders and Hooks: Reflecting on the Value of Military Inventions

　　据《墨子·公输》记载，鲁班曾为楚国设计了一种名为“云梯”的攻城器械。云梯高大坚固，可以在战场上架设到城墙上，帮助士兵攀城而入。同时，鲁班还发明了一种称为“钩”的工具，用于在水战中钩住敌船，使其无法逃脱。后来，据《墨子》记载，鲁班明确说“吾义固不杀人”，不再制作一些用于战争的武器或工具。

　　According to the “Mozi - Gongshu“ chapter, Lu Ban once designed a siege weapon called the “cloud ladder“ for the State of Chu. The cloud ladder was tall and sturdy, able to be positioned on the battlefield to reach the top of city walls, assisting soldiers in their ascent. At the same time, Lu Ban also invented a tool called the “hook,“ used in naval warfare to hook enemy ships and prevent them from escaping. Later, according to the “Mozi,“ Lu Ban clearly stated, “I stand firm in my principles and resolutely refuse to take a life“, and stopped making weapons or tools for warfare.

　　在世世代代的传说中，鲁班是技艺和劳动人民智慧的化身。鲁班精神，不仅是锲而不舍、精益求精的工匠精神，更是博施济众、服务人民的奉献精神。当下，随着越来越多的“鲁班工坊”跨山越海，在亚欧非三大洲落地生根，中国智慧正逐渐在世界各地开枝散叶，惠及更多的人群。

　　In the legends passed down through generations, Lu Ban is the embodiment of skill and the wisdom of the working people. The spirit of Lu Ban is not only the relentless and meticulous spirit of a craftsman but also the selfless dedication to the well-being of the people. Today, as more and more “Lu Ban workshops“ cross mountains and seas to take root in Asia, Europe, and Africa, Chinese wisdom is gradually spreading around the world, benefiting more people.

　　（部分素材来源：中国劳动保障报齐鲁晚报）

　　无限工作室出品

　　视频：周溪琳

　　文案、配音：武玮佳